📌Understanding Value Added Tax (VAT) in the UAE

Master VAT in the UAE with our comprehensive guide. Learn about VAT rates, registration, compliance, and more. Get expert help with your VAT management at Sharkup.com.

Introduction

Since its introduction on January 1, 2018, Value Added Tax (VAT) has become a cornerstone of the UAE’s fiscal policy. Designed to diversify the country’s revenue base beyond oil, VAT affects nearly every business operating in the UAE. This guide provides a comprehensive overview of how VAT works, who needs to register, and what’s required to stay compliant.

Overview of VAT in the UAE

📊 VAT Rate

The standard VAT rate is 5%, applicable to:

  • Most goods and services sold within the UAE

  • Goods imported into the country

This rate is low by global standards, yet it has a significant impact on pricing, accounting, and cash flow for businesses.

✅ Zero-Rated and Exempt Supplies

Zero-Rated Supplies (0% VAT):

  • International transport (passenger and goods)

  • Certain healthcare and educational services

  • Exported goods and services

Exempt Supplies (No VAT, No Input Recovery):

  • Residential property rentals

  • Certain financial services (e.g., life insurance, lending)

  • Local passenger transport (e.g., public buses, taxis)

Understanding the difference between zero-rated and exempt is essential, as it affects whether you can reclaim input VAT.

VAT Registration

💼 Registration Thresholds

  • Mandatory Registration: If taxable supplies and imports exceed AED 375,000 per annum, you must register.

  • Voluntary Registration: Available for businesses exceeding AED 187,500 per annum in revenue or expenses, ideal for startups or freelancers who want to reclaim VAT.

📝 Registration Process

  1. Create an EmaraTax account on the Federal Tax Authority (FTA) portal

  2. Submit:

    • Trade license copy

    • Passport and Emirates ID (for owners/partners)

    • Bank account details

    • Estimated turnover or past invoices

  3. Receive TRN (Tax Registration Number) upon approval

Sharkup can handle the entire registration process for you — quickly and accurately.

Filing VAT Returns

⏱ Filing Frequency

VAT returns are typically submitted:

  • Quarterly for most businesses

  • Monthly for businesses with high volumes of transactions

  • Annually (rare, by special approval)

Each return is due within 28 days from the end of the tax period.

💻 Online Filing System

Returns are filed via the FTA portal, where you:

  • Upload transaction details

  • Declare input and output VAT

  • Make payment via bank transfer, credit card, or e-dirham

Missing deadlines can result in substantial penalties, so automation and reminders are key.

VAT Compliance and Record-Keeping

🧾 Invoicing Requirements

Every taxable business must issue VAT-compliant invoices showing:

  • Supplier name, TRN, and address

  • Invoice date and number

  • Customer details

  • Description and value of goods/services

  • Amount of VAT charged (5%)

  • Total invoice amount (including VAT)

Simplified invoices are allowed for transactions below AED 10,000.

📂 Record-Keeping

All VAT-registered businesses must maintain records for at least 5 years, including:

  • Sales and purchase invoices

  • Import/export records

  • VAT returns and payments

  • Accounting books and ledgers These records should be accessible in case of an FTA audit.

Penalties for Non-Compliance

🚫 Late Filing and Payment Penalties

Non-compliance with VAT regulations can result in:

  • AED 1,000 fine for first-time late filing

  • AED 2,000 fine for subsequent late filings

  • 2% of unpaid tax + daily accruals for late payment

  • Additional penalties for inaccurate returns or missing records

❗ Common Compliance Issues

  • Charging VAT on exempt items

  • Failing to issue compliant invoices

  • Missing deadlines for filing or payment

  • Not registering despite crossing the revenue threshold

Sharkup helps businesses avoid these errors by managing filings, keeping documentation organized, and ensuring accurate classifications.

Conclusion

VAT has added a layer of responsibility for businesses in the UAE — but it also brings structure and financial credibility. By understanding how VAT works and following the correct processes, businesses can stay compliant, recover input tax, and avoid costly penalties.

Struggling to keep up with VAT filings or unsure if you need to register? 👉 Visit Sharkup.com for expert VAT registration, filing, and compliance services tailored to your business in the UAE.

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